Hindi Bhasha ka vikas

Abstract of Ph.D Thesis

            ANTIM DASHAK KE HINDI UPANYASO ME LOKTATVA

PREFACE

Change is the eternal law of creation. The development of human society is a sign of change. Along with the growth and developmental processes, change is continuous. Change is a function of time and the social , economical, political and cultural circumstances of country. These changing circumstances trigger a process of change. In this transformational process, humans are moving further and further away from  nature. Scientific progress and material resources have made humans consumerist. The machine era has brought the entire world closer. In this process humans have sacrificed their relationship with nature and lost human emotions and virtues. As long as humans were close to nature, their lives were simple and natural. Pleasure and joy in their lives was at the fullest. Ease, simplicity, naturalness became the hallmark of human lives, especially of its folk community. But the worry is that the technology, capitalism, and market forces have turned man away from these folk communities and folk culture.

War and its like aroused the spirit in mystic writers and drew their attention towards cultural values which are considered essential the survival of human society. Literature, and different modes of entertainment have preserved diversified popular culture of folklore. Thanks to this, the folk community finds joy and exuberance again. Literature and folk culture are inseparable. The works of writer create public consciousness, pair and mix with the collective consciousness of their surroundings and take various forms of expression in literature. The study and relation of folklore dispels the miasma of false sophistication, and pure air of spontaneity can be experienced with the power of folklore and folk culture. Spontaneity is possible only when the soul is pure. Any literary form in general is an expression of man’s tatva or nature so literature can be defined as the verbal and written form of  loktatv  Folk epistemology provides foundation for the literature.

From the primitive times to modern times Hindi literature has been rich with folk consciousness. The beauty and charm of literature can be partly attributed to the folklore. In fact the diction, grace, meaning beauty of folk literature has taken literature to new heights. Undoubtedly, literature has been nurtured and nourished through folklore. Folklore is the source of literature’s blooming fragrance. Just as a plant receives its energy from the earth, literature has received its strength and influence from folklore. An observation of actual life style, culture, traditions etc of folk community offers the writer an understanding of their lives and makes his depiction easier. 'Antim dashak ke Hindi upanyaso me lok tatva ' is a thesis submitted with a genuine  and original effort.

Chapter- 1— This chapter focuses on the study of literature and folklore. The idea of the ‘folk’, its etymological origins, use and importance have been shown in this chapter. Various Indian and Western writers’ thoughts are used to clarify the relationship between literature and folklore. Role of folklore in the process of literature, The characteristics and dimensions of folklore are discussed n this chapter. Through different definitions and concepts of the relationship between literature and folklore, it has showed how the process of literature plays critical and major role in expressing  folklore.

Chapter - 2— This chapter deals with the study of the novels From the 1960s to the 1990s with folklore as the main subject. Various aspects of folklore like folk culture, folk communities, and folk beliefs are studied deeply. And also efforts have been made to understand the development of folklore.

Chapter – 3— A sincere attempt has been made to read and analyze twenty famous / representative novels of the last decade. Every novel is different in the subject but the characters in the novels studied have the contemporary conditions and effects as their focus. Through an analysis of these novels it has been deduced and analyzed that folklore has been the cornerstone of these novels.

Chapter - 4-  The main outcome of this chapter is an analysis of the Political, Social,

           Economical, Religious and Educational effects of these novels.  

•   In the political perspective, the struggle for power, corruption,  elections and speeches, the criminalization of politics and the politicization of crime, the failure of democracy, opposition to welfare and communal policies, have all been highlighted.

•   In the relationship between men and women in the family and the broader social context, individual life, moral life, metropolitan life, rural life and tribal life, women’s lives, and caste and class distinctions have been studied.

•   In the economic context Dalit, Adivasi, and Kisan financial problems, natural calamities, unemployment, the migration to cities, working class problems, poverty, etc. have been presented in detail. 

•   The religious perspective focused on religious harmony, religious crisis, corruption in religious institutions.

•   In the academic perspective, the importance of education, the commercialization of education, the corruption in the educational institutions and other problems were highlighted.

Chapter -5- This chapter throws light on the foundation of cultural contexts as mentioned. That is, marriage, devotion, fasting, rituals, festivals, customs, sacraments, manners, culture and values, fairs at different occasions are vividly discussed.

Chapter -6—This chapter discusses the blind faith people in such as black magic, unscrupulous godmen, medical materialism, and ghosts god - goddess.They believe these traditional practices and beliefs will help them to overcome problems.

Chapter - 7— This chapter reflects on the emotional connections of people through folk songs folk stories, and folk dances. Songs related to devotion and rituals, songs describing the bravery of soldiers to bring out valour and patriotism are studied. These songs celebrate the seasons and seasonal festivals. Apart from these, there are songs about riddles and puzzles. Melancholic verses describing the problems of women are found along with the folk stories of tribal’s.

•   This chapter also analyses different types of  folk stories concerning tribal women, demons, redemption, historical, kings and their reigns, moralistic stories, mythological stories, gods and deities, etc.

•   There are different kinds of folk dances which are performed during festivals, rituals, and during social gatherings. These dances were intended to unify people and bring harmony and a feeling of fraternity. The folk dances differ by their places of origin.

Chapter-8—The main outcomes of this chapter are the analyses and descriptions of various writing styles in the novels. Some examples of the styles described are: Symbolist, Descriptive, Conversationalist, Analytical, Satirical, Psychological, Vernacular, Poetic and Emotive, Imaginary, Flashback, Autobiographical, patratmak, and Idioms and Proverbs.

           I believe that this dissertation is an original and valuable contribution to Hindi language and studies, and deserves an award of Doctor of Philosophy.

SAVE THE LANGUAGE SAVE THE CULTURE

International Mother Language Day was celebrated with high spirit and

great enthusiasm at Silver Oaks   to promote awareness of linguistic

and cultural diversity and multi lingualism in the country . Interestingly

within the school 15 different mother languages are spoken by students

and teachers  which gave a feel that the mother language is one of the

most powerful tools used to preserve and convey culture and cultural

ties and also it is one of the most precious treasures of our lives.

Relationship between language and culture was enjoyed with great

pleasure through songs where it opened a new window in everyone’s

world view and made more aware and also open-minded and

respectful to other cultures, lifestyles, customs and beliefs. Discussion

on language is an attitude made everyone thought how language is a

part of culture and a part of human behaviour. Students were told that

this generation mostly they connect themselves to movies and more

effected by movie language which is not really to be proud of….

Language must give an identity of dignity. Finally celebrations were

concluded with together singing medley of songs with maximum

number of languages  with a strong message that its every ones duty

and responsibility to preserve mother language and pass it down from

generation to generation.

JAYAPRADA

LANGUAGE COORDINATOR

Children's Day -- a day dedicated to children 

 

Ethos of Siver oaks denotes Every day is a children’s Day… because they conquer everyone’s heart with their angelic eyes and innocent smiles. To mark the event and make it a special day for children Silver oaks the school of Hyderabad celebrated children’s day with high spirit and sophistication. A day celebrated to honor all children for their accomplishments, skills, talents and their honesty in various activities  as well as to honor the person who was the epitome of great love towards children and who worked passionately towards the welfare of children. Certifying and acknowledging made the Children's Day special and memorable which brought smiles on the faces of little wonders.

Event went on  well stimulating Children that they should know the reason and meaning of the ‘celebration’ as also the fact that each one of them is unique and special. They should be aware of their importance by introspecting and connecting themselves. “childhood is all about innocence and liveliness. It is about happiness and freedom but everyone should cherish and understand that in life every stage is important and it will not come back … said by the principal Ms. Seetha murty”.  

 celebration is all about giving the child the right kind of knowledge and freedom to enjoy, so that they can grow as healthy and educated citizens of the country.

 Well nurtured children make the nation strong and sound. Perhaps, every child has to remember that since they are the future of a nation, they should imbibe the values of discipline these values will make a good citizen out of a child. Respecting every child, encouraging their thoughts, ensuring that they are free from fear and empowering to grow in peace is the best ever gift as teaching community we can give. Finally the enthusiasm of Children's Day festival witnessed in the practice of exchanging 'Happy Children's Day' wishes. 

D. Jayaprada devireddy

Silver oaks school of Hyderabad

                                                  FOREVER LEADERS

“ A Teacher is never an ordinary person . Construction and destruction can be produced  in his lap”  The quotation by chanakya shows the power of teacher and teaching is a nobility on which the base of any nation and cultures entrenched. Teaching can be called a duty than a profession . Because duty reminds moral responsibility. Teaching not only shows the right path that the students should follow but also prepares the human resource for the further development of the nation. It has the potential to have a great impact in the molding of the next generation. Aristotle rightly said, “ Those who educate the children are more to be honored than they who produce them for those only gave them life, those ‘The art of living well’. Teaching is a moral duty and noble service to the world to create a more beautiful and peaceful world.

Teachers lead in a variety of ways. They assume a wide range of roles to support school and student success. Whether these roles are assigned formally or shared informally they build the entire schools capacity to improve. By watching and following such positive role models students try to emulate their positive and authentic behavior. According to the needs teachers mould themselves, they  always transform… transformational teachers are much admired by their students also  enthusiastic about what they do and that enthusiasm infeets their students and motivated to work hard. Individualized consideration and their compassion drives mentor each student.  Lot of disparate personalities all under one roof and doing many different things and interacting many different level is the true spirit which teachers hold. The biggest significant challenge for the teacher is intellectual stimulation which involves challenging students to engage their minds and to think creatively. During this process teachers think more relevantly and also get their students to think about things in new ways and challenge them to greater intellectual achievements. Always teachers encourage novelty thinking rather than discouraging. Outstanding teachers whether or not teachers are actually ‘ LEADERS’ play key role in the development of future leaders.

God uses teacher as an instrument to touch lives. In reflection, teachers expect same spirituality in their students. In the process of enlightening them with nobles thoughts teachers set themselves as role models in many ways. The spirit of giving have been elevated to a new level by team @ silver Oaks. Under the nation building program and to set an example for future generations team @ Silver oaks found another way to touch live of individuals. Enjoyment,celebrations took one more step a head . 6^th September on behalf of ‘Teachers day’ all teachers felt honored by showing their care towards needy people. ‘Me and My country’ grow together was at high spirit , more than anything self-satisfaction made their day . Making warm someone’s heart made a real difference and feel of helping is an opportunity they shared. Charity made them real role models by practicing what they preach.

Nothing is more rewarding than being a source of inspiration to others. A Big thankyou and Salutes to the teaching community who are helping to shape the furure generation and by contributing their involvement in ‘ Make an India’.

Jayaprada devireddy

Silver Oaks The school of Hyderabad

नुक्कड़ नाटक ऐतिहासिक इमारतों की सुरक्षा

मेहरबान, कदरदान ,साहिबान

सुनो सुनो सारा हिंदुस्तान 

सुनो सुनो सारा हिंदुस्तान 

इतिहास हमारा विशाल है - विशाल है

इतिहास हमारा गौरवमयी है - गौरवमयी है

मंदिर इमारतें , सुंदर महल

बतलाता ये बीता हुआ कल - बीता हुआ कल 

पुराने मंदिर पुराने मीनार

अनमोल हैं ये धरोहर - धरोहर, ये धरोहर

इन्हें मरम्मत करना यार - मरम्मत करना यार

हम.................... बच्चे ऐतिहासिक इमारतों की सुरक्षा पर एक नुक्कड़ नाटक प्रस्तुत करने जा रहे  हैं

चलो- चलते हैं देखते हैं हमारे मित्र क्या बताते हैं....

दृश्य - १

चार- पाँच बच्चे .... चलो ख़ूब मस्ती करेंगे....

(क) . अरे वाह ! देखो ये मीनार कितना लंबा है.... सर उठा कर खड़ा है .....

(ख) . हॉं, हॉं लंबा ही नहीं ये तो बहुत शानदार भी है

(ग) .  तेरे ख़ूबसूरती पर मेरा दिल फिसल गया strongly ये जादू तेरा मुझ। पर चल गया

(घ) . अरे मुझे इतना अच्छा लगा कि मैं ने इस पर नाम भी लिख दिया ....

       अरे ! मैं भी लिखता हूँ .....

दूसरा समूह ......

( क) . क्या , तुम्हें लग रहा हैं कि तुमने नेक काम किया ?

(ख ). ऐसा हर कोई अपना नाम लिखते जाएँगे तो क्या हालत होगी इन इमारतों की ????

         सोचो ज़रा सोचो भाई , 

         सोचो ज़रा सोचो हर कोई ........ 

सामूहिक गान....

         

                    चारमीनार हो कुतुबमीनार यार

                    जागो यार जागो ..... इसे अब तो बचालो

                    इसके बिना देश का शानों- शौक़त कहाँ यारों .........

दृश्य - २

                   वाह !  अद्भुत लाजवाब

                   हमारे धरोहर !!!! सुंदर , मनोहर ...... ये इमारत !!!

                   रोचक इतिहास जनाब ! रोचक.....

                   रोमांचित ये कलाकंड ... रोमांचित ये चित्रकला ...

                   दो आँखे कम पड़ रही है इसको देखने के लिए...

      

माता - पिता और बच्चे

        

          बच्चा - १  पिताजी मुझे कुरकुरे चाहिए और साथ ही साथ chewing gum भी please

          बच्चा - २  पिताजी मुझे coke tin दिला दो न .......

          पिताजी - समझ में नहीं आता कहीं पर भी जाओ ये बच्चे तंग कर देते हैं.....

                       पता नहीं बाहर निकलते ही snacks पर टूट पड़ते हैं.......

          माँ - ये लो बैग में सँभल कर रखना , अंदर जाने के बाद , घूमते  समय खा लेना ।

प्रवेश द्वार पर security  - बैग बताइए , मैडम , भाई साहब

माता-पिता  कुछ नहीं है भैया .... सिर्फ़ पानी का बोतल है

Security का phone ring होता है , इतने में यह परिवार अंदर घुस जाता है ।

          परिवार - इमारतों को देखते जाते और मस्ती से बच्चे भी खाते उन्हीं के पीछे जाते .....

थोड़ी दूर चलने के बाद......

बच्चा -( क )ये ख़त्म हो चुका है पर कहाँ इसे फेंकना है अम्माँ 

माता - तुम लोग भी न नाक में दम कर देते हैं  ... वहाँ side में फेंक दो ... 

         (माँ बच्चे की हाथ से ले लेती है और चलते चलते फेंक देती है )

 बिना पूछे ही दूसरा बच्चा coke bottle को फेंक देता है

Educator - 1 अरे.... अरे.. ! ये क्या कर रहे है ?

                   ऐसा जहाँ चाहे वहाँ कचरा फेंकते क्या ???

                    आप जैसे पढ़े - लिखे लोग और ऐसा व्यवहार ........ शोभा नहीं देती .... बिलकुल नहीं...

Educator -2 आप तो जानते ही है इन्हें बनाने के लिए कलाकारों ने ख़ून - पसीना बहाया होगा !!

परिवार -  किस कला की बात कर रहे हैं आप ?

              पहले से ही ये टूटी - फूटी है , इनकी सुरक्षा करके क्या मिलेगा

              न apartments में खेलने देते बच्चों को न हीं यहाँ !!!

              हम मस्ती करने आए हैं , करने दो भैया ।

Educator - 1 नहीं सज्जन..... नहीं ऐसा नहीं बोलते.....

                   ये इमारत ,ये नज़ाकत .... ये धरोहर ... ये नवाबिसतान

                   हमारा अपना शानों- शौक़त दिखलाता है ।

हा हा हा हा हा हा हा.........

                                        मनमाने ढंग से इनका खंडन 

                                         दिखाई नहीं दे रहा है क्या ????

                                        बड़े आए सुंदर की बात करने .... नज़ाकत दिखाने

चलो बच्चों हम मज़ा करेंगे ........ 

Educator 2   सुनिए साहब !  आदर ,सत्कार हमारी संस्कृति का क़िस्सा है ।

                     विरासत में मिली इन चीज़ों को अमानत मान कर संभालना और सुरक्षित रखना भी तो हमारा फ़र्ज़ बनता है ।

           

                    कृपया हाथ जोड़िए मिल कर इनकी रक्षा करेंगे !!!

                     निकल पड़ो रे बंधु निकल पड़ो रे

                      निकल पड़ो रे राही निकल पड़ो रे

                      महल हो या क़िला हो .. महल हो या क़िला हो

इस पर मत लिखो  ! ! यार इस पर मत लिखो .......... !!! बंधु इस पर मत लिखो ना ........

शिल्प हो या कला हो ........ इसको बचाना यारों इसको बचाना

निकल पड़ो रे बंधु निकल पड़ो रे...... निकल पड़ो रे राही निकल पड़ो रे ।।

A SENSE OF OWNERSHIP

The elegance and splendour of the monuments give inspiration to the generations to come as  they work as brick and motor proofs of past and are also useful in providing  a glimpse of the country through these monuments. They have always been the illustration of wealth and power of country. Possessing and preserving them becomes every citizens duty. But the thought “I haven’t built them??” takes away the ownership and it tends or leads to I do not need to take care attitude. Do you think any law, a rule or a force can save these mighty structures?? May be to a certain extent but the  best way to preserve them is self – realisation!!!!

 The students of 10^th grade from silver Oaks  The School of Hyderabad feel a sense of  conviction , they are aware and  feel the sense of engagement through various programs of the school. As a part of cleanliness drive ‘SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN’ 121 students with their facilitators and physical education staff walked into Golconda fort on 18th Dec and tried cleaning the area as well as  bringing an awareness  in citizens there by setting an example. Their efforts for ‘SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN’ were directed towards taking due care of environmental cleanliness and also included saving the monument. Students were also seen taking pride in white washing some walls which were  damaged by scribbling  inside the monument. While students along with the teachers triggered the process it was heart warming to see the onlookers also joining them in taking up the initiatives to preserve and enhance the beauty of environment of the monument. In order to convince the people around them they  made their voice heard, anxieties understood and concerns translated into action for a cleaner environment and save monuments.

It aptly said  “The child is the father of man “ and thus using the powerful agent of education. They have proved that as future citizens they can shoulder the responsibility of bringing about a positive change.